【可数名词单数变复数规则及练习含答案】在英语学习中,名词的单复数变化是基础且重要的语法内容。掌握可数名词单数变复数的规则,有助于我们更准确地表达意思,避免语法错误。本文将详细讲解常见的可数名词单数变复数规则,并附上相关练习题与答案,帮助大家巩固所学知识。
一、基本规则
1. 一般情况下,在词尾加 -s
- 例如:book → books, cat → cats, dog → dogs
2. 以 s, x, ch, sh 结尾的名词,加 -es
- 例如:bus → buses, box → boxes, church → churches, brush → brushes
3. 以辅音字母 + y 结尾的名词,变 y 为 i 再加 -es
- 例如:baby → babies, city → cities, story → stories
- 注意:如果以元音字母 + y 结尾,则直接加 -s
- 例如:boy → boys, day → days
4. 以 o 结尾的名词,通常加 -es
- 例如:photo → photos, tomato → tomatoes, volcano → volcanoes
- 但有些单词也可加 -s,如:piano → pianos, radio → radios
5. 以 f 或 fe 结尾的名词,变 f 或 fe 为 v 再加 -es
- 例如:knife → knives, leaf → leaves, wolf → wolves
- 但有些例外,如:roof → roofs, chief → chiefs
6. 不规则变化
- 有些名词的复数形式与原形不同,需要特别记忆:
- man → men
- woman → women
- child → children
- foot → feet
- tooth → teeth
- mouse → mice
- goose → geese
二、特殊规则与常见错误
- 不可数名词:如 water, information, advice 等,没有复数形式。
- 单复同形:如 sheep, deer, fish(当指种类时),它们的单复数形式相同。
- 复合名词:通常在最后一个词后加 -s,如:mother-in-law → mothers-in-law,passer-by → passers-by。
三、练习题(附答案)
一、选择正确的复数形式:
1. This is a ______. (book / books)
2. There are many ______ in the garden. (flower / flowers)
3. The ______ are playing outside. (child / children)
4. I need some ______ for my homework. (information / informations)
5. She has two ______. (tooth / teeth)
二、写出下列单词的复数形式:
6. bus
7. baby
8. knife
9. photo
10. man
三、改错题:
11. The child are playing in the park.
12. There is a lot of informations on the table.
13. He has a good friend and two friend.
14. The man’s house is near the school.
15. The sheeps are in the field.
四、参考答案
一、选择正确形式:
1. book
2. flowers
3. children
4. information
5. teeth
二、写出复数形式:
6. buses
7. babies
8. knives
9. photos
10. men
三、改错题:
11. The children are playing in the park.
12. There is a lot of information on the table.
13. He has a good friend and two friends.
14. The man’s house is near the school.
15. The sheep are in the field.
通过以上规则和练习,相信大家对可数名词的单复数变化有了更清晰的认识。建议多做练习,结合实际语境进行运用,才能真正掌握这一知识点。


